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MATCH: Pattern Matching

MATCH (n) RETURN n
MATCH (n:Person {name: 'Alice'}) RETURN n.age
MATCH (a)-[e]->(b) RETURN *
MATCH (a:Person)-->(b:Company) RETURN a.name, b.name
  • () → Node
  • [] → Edge
  • - → Undirected edge
  • Labels: :Label
  • Properties: {key: 'value', age: 30}

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CREATE: Add Nodes & Edges

CREATE (:Person {name: 'Alice', age: 30})
CREATE (:Person {name: 'Mick'})-[:FRIEND_OF]->(:Person {name: 'John'})
CREATE (a)-[:EDGE]->(b), (b)-[:EDGE]->(c), (c)-[:EDGE]->(a)

CREATE (gabby:Person {name: 'Gabby', age: 27}),
(susan:Person {name: 'Susan', age: 35}),
(lynette:Person {name: 'Lynette', age: 41}),
(bree:Person {name: 'Bree', age: 42}),
(gabby)-[FRIEND_OF]->(susan),
(gabby)-[FRIEND_OF]->(lynette),
...
  • Labels required for node creation
  • No RETURN clause
  • Use commas to create multiple items at once

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Property Match Operators

MATCH (n {name: 'Alice'}) RETURN n
  • : → exact match

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Data Types

TypeExample
String"hello" or 'hello'
Integerage=30
Booleanflag=true
Doublescore=3.14

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RETURN Clause

MATCH (n)-->(m) RETURN n.name, n.age, m.name, m.age
  • Select fields with RETURN n.prop, m.prop

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Metaqueries (CALL)

QueryDescription
CALL db.propertyTypes()All node/edge property keys & types
CALL db.labels()All node labels
CALL db.edgeTypes()All edge types
CALL db.history()Commit history

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Engine Commands

CommandDescription
CREATE GRAPH <name>Create a new named graph
LOAD GRAPH <name>Load an existing graph
LIST GRAPHList all available graphs
HISTORYShow commit history (versioning)
CHANGE NEWCreate a new isolated change
CHANGE SUBMITMerge current change into main
CHANGE DELETEDelete current change
CHANGE LISTList active uncommitted changes

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Useful Patterns

-- Two-hop connection
MATCH (a)-[r1]->(b)-[r2]->(c) RETURN c

-- All people named John
MATCH (n:Person {name: 'John'}) RETURN n